Book

Description

This monograph compiles original analytical studies that examine the classical limits of thermodynamics through carefully constructed edge cases: a density–length reformulation of the Carnot cycle, an open-cycle engine that appears to exceed Carnot efficiency, atmospheric-pressure work after controlled evacuation, heat-pump-assisted isobaric expansion, and hydrostatic centre-of-mass migration in a variable-area cylinder. In every instance the apparent numerical anomalies are resolved by completing the energy balance — accounting for exhaust enthalpy, prior pump work, environmental heat, or gravitational potential-energy changes. The result is a clear demonstration that the rules of thermodynamics remain inviolate when system boundaries are rigorously defined and every energy stream is included. Surendra Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Eliva Press — Academic Publishing